We The People of the U.S. of A. · America’s help desk

How the Congressional
Report Card works

Methodology version 1.0
Published August 1, 2026
No official was scored before this date.
Read this first The two layers How we cite sources The grading scale The six subjects The Constitution question Your ZIP code What isn’t built Changelog

Read this first

This page went up before anybody got a grade. That is on purpose, and it is the whole point.

Status — September 2, 2026

Nothing on this site carries a grade today. Not one letter, on one person. Everything below is the rubric, published in advance. It is a promise about how grading will work, not a description of something already running.

What is actually live right now: The Money Board (531 members of Congress — money raised, PAC share, votes cast, bills, real office contacts), 51 state report cards, and the Civics 101 lessons. All of it is the record and the citation. None of it is a verdict, a rank, or a score.

When the first grade is computed, this box changes and a dated row goes in the Changelog. Until you see that row, assume nobody has been graded, because nobody has.

If a rule appears here after somebody was already graded, the rule was written to fit the person. That is how you get a fake scorecard. So the rules go up first, in public, and then the same script runs on every member of Congress.

If we ever change a rule, the change goes in the Changelog at the bottom of this page with a date, and every affected card gets recomputed. No quiet edits.

What this is

A help desk. You ask about the stuff we have recorded, it answers from the record. It is not a watchdog with a verdict, and it is not here to tell you how to vote.

What this is not


The architecture

Two layers, and they never mix

Everything on a report card sits in one of two boxes, and the boxes look different on the page so you can never confuse them.

Layer 1 · Facts

The graded subjects

A fact is something where two people who disagree about everything could run the same script and get the same number.

Attendance is a fact. Either they were there for the vote or they weren’t. The House Clerk wrote it down.

  • Comes from an official public record, with a link to that exact record
  • Computed by the same script, for every member, with zero hand-adjustment
  • Checkable by you, against the source, without taking our word for anything
Layer 2 · Comments

Clearly marked as opinion

Anything requiring a judgment call lives here, in a separate box, labeled as opinion, with our reasoning shown.

Like the comments section on a school report card. “Does not work well with others” is a teacher’s opinion. It goes in the comment box. It does not get averaged into the math grade.

These two layers never get combined into one number. There is no overall GPA on this site. If you ever see a single score claiming to sum up an entire human being’s service, somebody is selling you something.


The standard

How we cite sources

Report cards link to a government record. Explainers, lessons, and legal background — the stuff that isn’t a number — work differently, and this page is where that standard lives.

The tag — not a score, a checked citation

We tag #VERIFIED when a specific factual or legal claim has been checked against a primary source — the actual statute, court opinion, or government record — and the primary source is linked directly beside the tag. This is different from #PAC_FUNDED or #HIGH_PAC_SHARE, which are our declared judgment calls about where to draw a line. #VERIFIED makes no judgment call at all. It only says: what we claimed the source says, the source actually says, checked on the date shown.

What it does not mean
  • It does not mean the underlying claim is beyond dispute. Courts get reinterpreted, agencies rewrite regulations, and the tag doesn’t freeze that in place — it dates the check, it doesn’t guarantee the future.
  • It does not mean everything on the site carries it. A claim without the tag has not necessarily gone through this specific check — it may still be sourced elsewhere, or it may be a lead that hasn’t been verified yet. Absence of the tag is not a red flag by itself; it just isn’t this particular guarantee.
  • It does not get applied after the fact to make old content look more solid. It only goes on claims that were actually run through the check: primary source pulled, pinpoint citation confirmed, link included.

We considered calling this tag #PROOF. We didn’t, on purpose. “Proof” claims something is settled. What we can actually promise is narrower and more honest: we checked, here is exactly what we checked it against, go look for yourself. That is the whole platform in one tag.


Grading

The measurement is a fact. The cut line is our choice.

Most scorecards blur this. We won’t.

“Rep. Smith missed 8.6% of votes” is a fact from the House Clerk. “8.6% missed votes equals a B” is our decision about where to draw the line. We picked it. Somebody reasonable could pick differently.

So every grade on this site shows the raw number next to the letter, always. If you disagree with our cut lines, the number is right there and you can grade it yourself.

LetterMeaning
ATop 20% of the chamber on this metric, this Congress
BNext 20%
CMiddle 20%
DNext 20%
FBottom 20%

We grade on the curve within the same chamber and the same Congress, so a member is compared to people doing the same job under the same conditions. A senator is never graded against a representative.


The rubric

The six subjects

All House and Senate members. All computed the same way. Every number links to the government record it came from.

Subject 1

Attendance

The questionHow often did they show up to vote?
DefinitionRoll-call votes cast ÷ roll-call votes eligible to cast, current Congress.
SourceU.S. House Clerk roll-call XML; U.S. Senate roll-call XML.
What it does not mean
  • A missed vote can be illness, a funeral, a delayed flight, or a leadership assignment. A low number is a fact, not an accusation.
  • Where a member publicly explains an absence in the Congressional Record, we link that explanation.
Subject 2

Who funds them

The questionWhere does the campaign money come from?
DefinitionShare of total receipts from PACs vs. individual donors vs. small-dollar donors (under $200), current cycle.
SourceFederal Election Commission (OpenFEC API).
Declared choice — our cut lines, not facts

We tag #PAC_FUNDED at 40% or more of receipts from PACs, and #HIGH_PAC_SHARE at 60% or more. We picked those numbers. Someone reasonable could pick 35% or 50%. The raw percentage always renders beside the tag so you can draw your own line.

What it does not mean
  • Taking PAC money is legal and extremely common. This does not claim anyone was bought.
  • PAC money is not “dark money.” PACs register with the FEC and itemize their donors — you can read the names. Dark money is 501(c)(4) money whose donors are never disclosed, and it does not appear in this number at all. It shows up as independent spending about a candidate that never touches their committee.
  • We show who is paying for the campaign. You draw the conclusion.
Subject 3

Bills introduced

The questionDo they write legislation, or just vote on it?
DefinitionCount of bills and joint resolutions sponsored, current Congress.
SourceCongress.gov API.
What it does not mean
  • Volume is not quality. A member can introduce fifty messaging bills or one serious one. We count; we do not rank them by merit.
Subject 4

Bills enacted

The questionDoes any of it become law?
DefinitionCount of sponsored bills that became public law, current Congress.
SourceCongress.gov API.
What it does not mean
  • Members in the minority party pass far fewer bills for reasons that have nothing to do with effort. Read this alongside their party’s status, which we show on the card.
Subject 5

Disclosure timeliness

The questionDo they file their required financial paperwork on time?
DefinitionStock and asset transactions disclosed later than the STOCK Act’s 45-day statutory deadline — the count, and how many days late.
SourceHouse Clerk and Senate financial disclosure databases.
What it does not mean
  • A late filing is a late filing. We report days past deadline, which is what the record shows.
  • We do not claim insider trading and we do not claim intent. A staffer’s paperwork error and a deliberate delay look identical in this data, so we call it what it is: late.
Subject 6 · House only

Constitutional Authority Statements

The questionWhen they introduce a bill, how specifically do they point to the place in the Constitution that gives Congress power to do it?
BackgroundSince 2011, House Rule XII clause 7(c) has required every introduced House bill to cite its constitutional authority “as specifically as practicable.” The sponsor writes that statement and it goes in the Congressional Record.
Definition — the measurementWe parse the statement and record citation depth: how far down the sponsor pointed. Structural parsing. No opinion in it.
DepthWhat was citedExample
3Article + Section + Clause“Article I, Section 8, Clause 3”
2Article + Section“Article I, Section 8”
1Article or Amendment only“Article I”
0Preamble only, or no provision identified“The Preamble”
No statement found in the record(field empty)

Two people who disagree about everything get the same depth number from the same statement. That is what makes it a fact.

Declared choice — the flag, not the measurement

Separately, and by our own decision, we flag some citations as general: depth 0 or 1 (a pointer with no Section), or depth 3 pointing only at the General Welfare Clause (Art. I, §8, cl. 1) or the Necessary and Proper Clause (Art. I, §8, cl. 18).

That second part is our opinion and we are saying so out loud. Clause 18 is as enumerated as any other clause in the Constitution. We flag it because by its own wording it depends on some other power — but a reasonable person could disagree, and if you do, the depth number is right there and you can ignore our flag entirely.

SourceCongress.gov API field constitutionalAuthorityStatementText.
What it does not mean — read this carefully
  • This measures how specifically the sponsor filled out a required form. It does not measure whether the bill was constitutional, and it does not measure whether the citation was correct. Three different questions; only this one is a fact.
  • A general citation is not a violation of anything. The House rule does not define “specific,” so the line we drew is ours, not the House’s.
  • House bills only. The Senate has never had this rule. Senators get no grade on this subject, and their card says so rather than showing a blank.
  • It reflects only the member who introduced the bill — not cosponsors, and not the members who voted for it.
  • It is a paperwork metric. It tells you something real about how carefully a member documents their own authority. It does not tell you they broke their oath.

The hard question

Grading someone against the Constitution

People ask us to grade officials on how far they’ve strayed from the 1787 Constitution. We understand the impulse. Here is why we don’t, and what we do instead.

Why we don’t. “How constitutional was that vote?” has no measurable answer. Reasonable people, including Supreme Court justices, disagree about constitutional meaning constantly and in writing. Any number we assigned would be our opinion wearing a lab coat. We would be inventing a number and calling it math, and that is the one thing this site exists to not do.

What we do instead. We apply rules declared in advance, to whole categories of action, by script. Subject 6 is exactly that — a rule about citation specificity that runs identically on every House bill, written before we looked at whose bills it would flag.

That is the honest version of the constitutional question, and it is the only version we will publish.

Why the Cabinet isn’t here

Cabinet secretaries and White House officials have no roll-call votes, no campaign committee, no sponsored bills, and no Constitutional Authority Statements. Five of our six subjects don’t exist for them. Their record is a different shape — Senate confirmation vote, OGE Form 278e disclosures, congressional testimony, Inspector General reports. Grading them on a card built for legislators would produce a card full of blanks and one lonely metric, which tells you nothing.

Version 1.0 is House and Senate. A Cabinet card needs its own subjects, its own methodology page, and its own pre-declaration.


Accuracy

About your ZIP code

You typed a ZIP code and we showed you a district. Here is the honest caveat.

ZIP codes are mail routes, not places. The Postal Service invented them to deliver letters, not to draw boundaries. Roughly 15% of ZIP codes cross congressional district lines, and the Postal Service publishes no official map of ZIP areas at all.

We will never guess and present the guess as certain.

Check our work

Every number on every card links to the government record it came from. If a number looks wrong, click it — you’ll land on the House Clerk, the Senate, the FEC, or Congress.gov, not on us. If you find an error, tell us. Corrections get logged in the Changelog with the date, what was wrong, and what it is now. We don’t quietly fix things.


Honesty about gaps

What isn’t built yet

We would rather tell you what’s missing than let you assume it’s covered.

Two things people ask for that will never be on that list

When a card has nothing recorded on a subject, it says “not built yet” instead of showing a zero. A zero and an unknown are not the same thing, and we won’t print one where we mean the other.


Version history

Changelog

VersionDateChange
1.1September 2, 2026 No rule changed. Added the dated status box at the top of this page stating plainly that no official has been graded yet and that the rubric below is a declaration, not a running system. Added because the site went live this day and a reader could otherwise have believed grades already existed. A gap between what a page promises and what it does is the same problem as a wrong number.
1.0August 1, 2026 First publication. No official had been scored prior to this date. Six subjects declared. Grading curve declared. PAC-share cut lines declared at 40% and 60%.

Every future change to a rule on this page gets a row here, and every affected card gets recomputed. If a row is missing, the change didn’t happen.